Effect of Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma-medicated serum on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of human ectopic endometrial stromal cells: based on JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

Based on the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway, this study investigated the effect of medicated serum of Sparganii Rhizoma(SR) and Curcumae Rhizoma(CR) on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and secretion of inflammatory factors of ectopic endometrial stromal cells(ESCs). Specifically, human ESCs were primary-cultured. The effect of different concentration(5%, 10%, 20%) of SR-, CR-, and SR-CR combination-medicated serum, and AG490 solution(50 μmol·L~(-1)) on the proliferation of ESCs was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay, and the optimal dose was selected accordingly for further experiment. The cells were classified into normal serum(NS) group, SR group(10%), CR group(10%), combination(CM) group(10%), and AG490 group. The apoptosis level of ESCs was detected by flow cytometry, and the migration ability was examined by wound healing assay. The secretion of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The protein levels of cysteinyl aspartate specific protei-nase-3(caspase-3), B-cell lymphoma(Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax) and the levels of phosphorylated(p)-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were detected by Western blot. The results showed that the viability of ESCs cells was lowered in the administration groups compared with the blank serum group(P<0.01), especially the 10% drug-medicated serum, which was selected for further experiment. The 10% SR-medicated serum, 10% CR-medicated serum, and 10% CM-medicated serum could increase the apoptosis rate(P<0.01), up-regulate the protein expression of caspase-3 and Bax in cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01), down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.01), decrease the cell migration rate(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and reduce the secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the SR and CR groups, CM group showed low cell viability(P<0.01), high protein expression of caspase-3 and Bax(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and low protein expression of Bcl-2 and p-JAK2(P<0.05). After incubation with CM, the apoptosis rate was higher(P<0.05) and the migration rate was lower(P<0.01) than that of the CR group. The p-STAT3 protein level of CM group was lower than that of the RS group(P<0.05). The mechanism of SR, CR, and the combination underlying the improvement of endometriosis may be that they blocked JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, inhibited ESC proliferation, promoted apoptosis, weakened cell migration, and reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors. The effect of the combination was better than that of RS alone and CR alone.

Bowel preparation before elective surgery for colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

For elective surgery of colorectal cancer, current evidence supports preoperative mechanical bowel preparation combined with oral antibiotics. Meanwhile, for patients with varied degrees of intestinal stenosis, individualized protocol is required to avoid adverse events. We hereby summarize recent high-quality evidences and updates of guidelines and consensus, and recommend stratified bowel preparation based on the clinical practice of our institute as follows. (1) For patients with unimpaired oral intake, whose tumor can be passed by colonoscopy, mechanical bowel preparation and oral antibiotics are given. (2) For patients without symptoms of bowel obstruction but with impaired oral intake or incomplete colonoscopy due to tumor-related stenosis, small-dosage laxative is given for several days before surgery, and oral antibiotics the day before surgery. (3) For patients with bowel obstruction, mechanical bowel preparation or enema is not indicated. We proposed this evidence-based, individualized protocol for preoperative bowel preparation for the reference of our colleagues, in the hope of improving perioperative outcomes and reducing adverse events.

Interpretation of the 2020 American society of colon and rectal surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Located in the pelvic cavity and contiguous to the anal sphincter complex and urogenital organs, the rectum has more intricate anatomical features compared with the colon. Consequently, the treatment of rectal cancer involves more consideration, including pelvic radiation, lateral lymph node dissection, transanal access, postoperative function, sphincter preservation, and nonoperative management. Based on the last set of American society of colon and rectal surgeons (ASCRS) practice parameters for the management of rectal cancer published in 2013, the 2020 guidelines present evidence-based updates for both long-existing and emerging controversies on surgical management of rectal cancer. These updates include the indication for local resection, lymph node dissection for radical proctectomy, minimally invasive surgery, the "watch and wait" strategy for patients with clinical complete response, and prevention of anastomotic leak. Meanwhile, the guidelines recommend a risk-stratified approach for perioperative therapies for non-metastatic disease, and an individualized multimodality treatment based on treatment intent for synchronous metastatic disease.

Effect of Action Observation Therapy on Upper Limb Motor Function for Severe Hemiplegics / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effects of action observation therapy on upper limb severe hemiplegia. Methods:From January to June, 2019, 40 patients with severe hemiplegia after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and observation group (n = 20). Before routine rehabilitation training, the observation group watched the videos about activities and movements of arms and hands, and then were asked to imagine their affected arms and hands to complete these movements. The control group watched the videos of orderly geometric figures, letters and others without body and animals. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE), Motor Assessment Scale-Upper Extremities (MAS-UE) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and four weeks after treatment. Results:The scores of FMA-UE, MAS-UE and MBI improved after treatment (t > 2.854, P < 0.05), and improved more in the observation group than in the control group (F > 4.395, P < 0.05). Conclusion:action observation therapy can further improve upper limb motor function and activities of daily living in patients with severe hemiplegia after stroke.

Pharmacokinetic Study on Notoginsenoside R1 and Ginsenoside Rg1 in Hushen (Ⅲ) Capsules in Rats / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 in rat plasma after oral administration of Hushen (Ⅲ) Capsules; To study its pharmacokinetics. Methods SD rats were given Hushen (Ⅲ) Capsules 2 g/kg and then the blood was collected at time point. Digoxin was used as internal standard. The drug concentrations of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 in plasma were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS. And the relative pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using DAS2.0 software. Results The linear relationship of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 was good (r≥0.997 5). The RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 13.1%. The results of accuracy, recovery and stability met the requirements for the biology sample analysis. For notoginsenoside R1, the pharmacokinetics parameters T1/2, Tmax, Cmaxin the plasma were (7.86±1.69)h, (4.00±1.04)h, (0.23±0.05)mg/L. For ginsenoside Rg1, the pharmacokinetics parameters T1/2, Tmax, Cmaxin plasma were (4.58±0.95)h, (6.00±0.00)h, (0.32±0.03)mg/L. Conclusion The established UHPLC-MS/MS method is sensitive, accurate and reliable, and is suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of Hushen (Ⅲ) Capsules.

Nasal resorption of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside in rats / 中国中药杂志

In this experiment, rat nasal mucosa absorption characteristics of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside were studied to provide a basis for drug delivery of Toutongning nasal spray. The nasal mucosa absorption test in rats was conducted with in situ nasal perfusion method after pH 6 buffer solution was used to prepare high, medium and low concentrations of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, 5-O-methylvisammioside mixed solution as liquid circulation in nasal cavity. Then the concentrations of the circulating liquid compositions to be measured were determined by HPLC, and the absorption rates of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside under different pH conditions were also investigated. According to the results, the absorption rate constant was (0.588±0.041)×10⁻³, (0.547±0.023)×10⁻³, (0.592±0.063)×10⁻³ min⁻¹ for prim-O-glucosylcimifugin high, middle and low concentrations, and (0.438±0.041)×10⁻³, (0.407±0.023)×10⁻³, and (0.412±0.063)×10⁻³ min⁻¹ for 5-O-methylvisammioside high, middle and low concentrations. There was no significant difference among high, middle and low concentration groups, and the absorption under pH 6 was better than that under other pH conditions. Therefore, we can get the conclusion that the main active ingredient of Toutongning nasal sprays can be absorbed through the nasal mucosa, and it is feasible to make nasal spray; in addition, pH 6 of nasal spray is scientific and reasonable.

A multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of anal fissure / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) ointment in the treatment of anal fissure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this multi-center, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial, 240 chronic anal fissure patients from 7 clinical centers were randomized to receive eight-week treatment with GTN ointment (treatment group) or vaseline ointment (control group) respectively. Healing rate, visual analogue score (VAS), maximum anal resting pressure (MARP) and adverse reactions were recorded and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 221 patients (92.1%) finished the trial, including 114 patients in treatment group (95.0%, 114/120) and 107 in control group (89.2%, 107/120). At the endpoint of treatment (56 d), 90 patients in treatment group (78.9%, 90/114) healed completely compared to 31 patients in control group (29.0%, 31/107), and decrease rates of VAS in the two groups were (94.8±15.7)% and (61.2±35.7)% respectively, both differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). MARP after first administration was (20.2±18.5) mm Hg in treatment group (n=12) and (7.1±14.7) mm Hg in control group (n=6), which was not significantly different (P=0.152). Adverse reaction incidence was higher in treatment group (42.1% vs. 9.3%, P<0.05), while these adverse reactions were mainly headache and fullness in head, which were self-limiting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GTN ointment can effectively promote healing and relieve pain in anal fissure with safety and tolerance.</p>

Effect of intermittent pneumatic compression on coagulation function and deep venous hemodynamics of lower limbs after rectal cancer resection / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) on coagulation function, deep venous hemodynamics and prevention of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs in patients after rectal cancer resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 120 patients undergoing rectal cancer resection were randomly divided into non-IPC group (control group, n=60) and IPC group (n=60). The control group received routine treatment after resection and the IPC group received IPC based on the routine treatments. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), international normalized ratio (INR) and volume of D-dimer (D-D) were detected before operation and 1-, 3-, 5- and 7-day after operation. Meanwhile, blood flow velocity and caliber of external iliac vein, femoral vein and popliteal vein were examined by color Doppler ultrasound, then the average blood flow velocity and blood flow volume were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Incidence of lower limb DVT was 13.3% (8/60) and 1.7% (1/60) in control group and IPC group respectively with significant difference (P<0.05). The differences in PT, APTT and INR were not significant (P>0.05) at 1-day after operation as compared to the preoperative level, while FIB and D-D both increased (P<0.05), all presented no significant difference among the two groups (P>0.05). PT shortened gradually (P<0.05), APTT and INR did not change significantly (P>0.05), FIB and D-D increased gradually (P<0.05), and no significant differences were found between the two groups at the same time point (all P>0.05). All the above parameters in the control group were significantly lower than those in IPC group (all P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IPC can improve hemodynamics indexes of deep veins of lower limb in patients after rectal cancer operation, and prevent the lower limb DVT. IPC is a safe, simple and convenient physical therapy.</p>

Treatment of hyperlipoidemia by xiaozhi capsule: a clinical efficacy research / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effect and efficacy of Xiaozhi Capsule (XZC), a Chinese medicine preparation for tonifying Gan-Shen, invigorating Pi to dissipate dampness (TGSIPDD) on total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and endothelin (ET) in treating patients with hyperlipidemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 120 primary hyperlipidemia patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (80 cases) and the control group (40 cases). Those in the treatment group took XZC, while those in the control group took Xuezhikang Capsule (XZKC). The serum TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and ET were detected and evaluated after 8 weeks of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the treatment group TC was reduced by 25.60%, TG by 33.70%, LDL-C by 32.90%, and ET by 11.02%, while HDL-C was elevated by 24.20%. In the control group, TC was reduced by 24.80%, TG by 33.50%, LDL-C by 31.30%, and ET by 12.05%, while HDL-C was elevated by 20.90%. There was statistical difference in the two groups when compared with before treatment (P < 0.01). But there was no statistical difference in the aforesaid indices between the two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). The integrals for main symptoms after treatment obviously decreased in the two groups, showing statistical difference when compared with before treatment in the same group (P < 0.01). But there was no statistical difference in the aforesaid indices between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, symptoms such as vertigo, heavy sensation of head, palpitation, chest distress, dry mouth and thirsty were obviously improved after treatment. There was statistical difference in the improvement of tinnitus after treatment in the treatment group (P < 0.01). The total effective rate was 86.25% in the treatment group and 82.50% in the control group, showing no statistical difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>XZC showed certain effects on each blood lipid index and ET of hyperlipidemia patients. It had better improvement of clinical symptoms with reliable efficacy.</p>

Current status of the treatment of colorectal cancer in China--development and limitations / 中华胃肠外科杂志

There is a significant gap between China and the optimal international level in terms of the treatment outcomes of colorectal cancer. In recent years, progresses have been made while limitations still exist in the management of colorectal cancer. Advances are seen including use of multi-disciplinary therapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiation, laparoscopic surgery and management of liver metastasis. Individualized therapy is also applied in colorectal cancer. However, randomized controlled trials based on Chinese population are still lacking. Radiation therapy is inadequate and standardization of surgical technique is to be improved. Although standardization of management of colorectal cancer has gained attention from the government, there is a long way to go. The establishment of subspecialty training and practice has not been satisfactory. National efforts are needed to improve the treatment outcomes of colorectal cancer in China.

Lymph nodes distribution and metastatic pattern of ultra-low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the lymph nodes distribution and metastatic pattern of the ultra-low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 21 rectal cancer gross specimen after neoadjuvant therapy and 23 rectal cancer gross specimen without neoadjuvant therapy were investigated by whole mount section and tissue microarray techniques with CK20. All the patients were treated by abdominoperineal resection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 138 lymph nodes retrieved from the mesorectum in the neoadjuvant group including 39 metastatic lymph nodes and 12 micro-metastatic lymph nodes. Among these nodes, there were 7 rectal cancer cases with lymph nodes and 2 cases with micro-metastatic lymph nodes, and 6 cases had pathological complete remission. There were 415 lymph nodes retrieved from the mesorectum in the group without neoadjuvant therapy including 169 metastatic lymph nodes and 59 micro-metastatic lymph nodes. Among these nodes, there were 12 rectal cancer cases with lymph nodes and 4 cases with micro-metastatic lymph nodes. The proportions of metastatic lymph nodes in outer zone between the two groups were 21.5% and 29.0%, and those in pre-zone were 17.6% and 17.2% respectively. The ratio of metastatic lymph nodes in ischiorectal fossa between the two groups were 25.0% vs. 22.2% respectively. The rate of metastatic or micro-metastatic lymph nodes cases between the two groups were 4.8% vs. 13.0% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The lymph nodes distribution and metastatic pattern of the ultra-low rectal cancer are affected by neoadjuvant therapy. The proportions of the anal sphincter invasion and metastatic or micro-metastatic lymph nodes in ischiorectal fossa are lower after neoadjuvant therapy. Abdominoperineal resection as the standard treatment of the ultra-low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy should be re-evaluated.</p>

Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety on neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the value of neoadjuvant therapy for resectable rectal cancer and the impact on postoperative complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Literature search was performed in PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, Springer-Link and Elsevier ScienceDirect for randomized controlled trials published before May 2010 that compared neoadjuvant therapy with surgery alone or postoperative adjuvant therapy. The computer search was supplemented with hand search of reference lists for available primary studies. Inclusion criteria and quality assessment were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven studies including 7407 patients were enrolled for analysis. Neoadjuvant therapy group had significant advantages in local recurrence (OR=0.43, 95%CI:0.37-0.50, P<0.01), distant recurrence (OR=0.85, 95%CI:0.76-0.95, P<0.01), 5-year overall survival (RR=1.15, 95%CI:1.04-1.28, P<0.01), and sphincter-saving surgery (RR=1.48, 95%CI:1.17-1.87, P<0.01). There were no significant difference in postoperative mortality rate(OR=1.20, 95%CI:0.68-2.13, P=0.53) and anastomotic complications (OR=1.04, 95%CI:0.73-1.48, P=0.84).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Neoadjuvant therapy improves local control, distant recurrence and long-term survival without increasing postoperative complications.</p>

Meta-analysis of safety and efficacy of self-expending metallic stents as bridge to surgery versus emergency surgery for left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of self-expending metallic stents (SEMS) as bridge to surgery versus emergency surgery for left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A comprehensive literature search of CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid LWW, CMB, CNKI and Wanfang Databases were performed for all randomized controlled trials or retrospective studies comparing self-expending metallic stents as bridge to surgery(SABS group) with emergency surgery (ES group). A meta-analysis was carried out by RevMan5.1 software on the outcomes concerning safety and efficacy of the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fourteen studies matched the criteria including 1083 patients. Five were randomized controlled trials and nine were retrospective analysis. Compared with the ES group, the SABS group had a lower short-term mortality(RR=0.52, 95% CI:0.30-0.93, P<0.05), lower overall complications(RR=0.46, 95% CI:0.31-0.70, P<0.05), higher resection rate(RR=1.90, 95%CI:1.33-2.70, P<0.01), shorter operative time(MD=-59.77, 95%CI:-87.51--32.04, P<0.01), and shorter interval to first flatus(MD=-10.78, 95%CI:-16.67--4.90, P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in permanent stomy and hospital stay.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The safety and efficacy of self-expending metallic stents as bridge to surgery for left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction is superior to emergency surgery.</p>

Efficacy and safety of domestic biofragmentable anastomotic ring in the intestinal anastomosis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy and safety of the domestic biofragmentable anastomotic ring (BAR) from Hangzhou in the intestinal anastomosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 134 patients who underwent intestinal anastomosis from February 2010 to April 2011 in the First Municipal People's Hospital of Guangzhou and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were randomized into two groups. The Valtrac BAR from USA was employed in the control group while the experimental group used domestic BAR. The operative performance of the BARs, as well as the patients vital signs and bowel function, complications, fragmentation status of the rings were compared between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was found between two groups in the operative performance, the fragmentation status of the BARs, the temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and bowel function (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The domestic BAR possesses similar safety and efficacy with the Valtrac BAR in intestinal anastomosis.</p>

Curative effect analysis of radical surgery for colon cancer invading duodenum / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the clinicopathological characteristics and access the immediate- and long-term outcome of radical surgery in patients with colon cancer invading duodenum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective review of 19 patients with colon cancer invading duodenum underwent radical surgery between 1995 and 2010 was performed. There were 7 male and 12 female, age ranged from 36 to 73 years with an average of 56 years. The main manifestations were abdominal pain, loss of weight, change of stool frequency and so on. The tumors located at the hepatic flexure in 15 patients. All of the patients underwent radical surgery, and none of the patients had positive resection margins. One patient underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with right hemicolectomy (RH). Two patients underwent pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with RH. One patient underwent duodenectomy combined with RH. Four patients underwent RH. And the other 11 patients underwent lateral duodenectomy combined with RH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no postoperative morbidity and mortality, and the 30-day mortality rate was 0. The median overall survival was 5.3 years. Overall 1 and 5 years survival rate were 94.4% and 70.4%, respectively. And 3 patients developed recurrence in 3 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patients with colon cancer invading duodenum are lack of specific clinical manifestations. And the radical surgical procedure is safe, which could prolong the survival and improves the prognosis in these patients.</p>

Development of a singleplex PCR assay targeting O-antigen modification genes for molecular serotyping of Shigella flexneri / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To develop a singleplex PCR assay targeting O-antigen modification genes for molecular serotyping of Shigella (S.)flexneri.Methods Eight pairs of primer for O-antigen synthesis and modification genes of S.flexneriwere designed and used for developing an O-antigen modification gene-specific singleplex PCR assay to serotype 14 most common S.flexneri serotypes (1 a,1 b,1 c,2a,2b,3a,3b,4a,4b,5a,Y,X,Xv and F6).Bacterial pathogens which causing diarrheal disease were used for specificity detection.106 S.flexneri clinical isolates were serotyped by this method and compared with the slide agglutination method.Results An O-antigen modification,gene-specific singleplex PCR was developed.When six singleplex PCR reactions were performed,14 of the 15 recognized S.flexneri serotypes were identified,except for serotype Xv.The detection threshold ranged from 10 pg to 1 ng DNA in a 20 μ l reaction system.A high concordance between the singleplex PCR assay and slide agglutination were observed when 106 S.flexneri strains of various serotypes were analyzed with an exception that 1 serotype Y strain showed that it was carrying the additional defective gtr Ⅱ genes.Conclusion This method showed advantages over the traditional slide agglutination methods,and was promising when under application in the following situations as clinical diagnosis.

Individualized therapy is the future of diagnosis and treatment for colorectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Colorectal cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors that affects Chinese's health. Recurrence and metastasis are main reasons for death of colorectal cancer patients. Making up individualized and comprehensive therapeutic strategy according to patients' specific matters is the developmental direction of diagnosis and treatment for colorectal cancer. Only if standardize clinical pathway, perfect postoperative follow-up system, and accelerate research development on biomarkers, individualized therapy of colorectal cancer can be accomplished.

Effect of Glucocorticoid in mice of asthma induced by ovalbumin sensitisation and RSV infection.

Objective: To investigate the inflammatory changes and the airway hyper-responsiveness in the asthma mouse model infected by respiratory syncytial virus and elucidate the relationship between the infection and the effect of glucocorticoid. Methods: 60 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups. One of these is the control group; the others are the OVA/sham group, the OVA/sham +Dex group, the PBS/RSV group, the OVA/RSV group and the OVA/RSV+Dex group. The airway resistance was measured using a sealed body plethysmograph. Pathological slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and the peribronchial inflammation was observed microscopically. The concentrations of IL-4、IFN-γ、TGF-β1 in lung tissues were detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with the control group, the degree of the airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness and the concentrations of IL-4/IFN-γ、TGF-β1 in all four OVA groups increased significantly. And there was a statistically significant difference between the OVA/sham group and the OVA/sham+Dex group, and between the OVA/RSV group and the OVA/RSV+Dex group respectively. Compared with the OVA/RSV group，there was an obvious aggravation of airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in the OVA/RSV+Dex group. Conclusions: Glucocorticoid significantly reduces airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness induced by repetitive OVA challenge in the mouse model of asthma. However, the significant decrease in Th1 and increase in Th2 inflammation and aggravation of airway hyper-responsiveness in the mice in OVA/RSV group show that they are not sensitive to glucocorticoid. The effects of infection with RSV on the mouse model of asthma could be the cause of the glucocorticoid resistance during the therapy.

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing laparoscopic with open surgery for rectal cancer on oncologic clearance and long-term oncologic outcomes / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare oncologic adequacy of resection and long-term oncologic outcomes between laparoscopic-assisted surgery (LS) and open surgery (OS) in the treatment of rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Literature searches of electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science,and Cochrane Library) and manual searches up to June 30, 2010 were performed to identify RCTs comparing values of oncologic adequacy of resection, recurrence and survival following LS and OS. Fixed and random effects models were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six RCTs enrolling 1033 participants (LS group:577 cases, OS group:456 cases)were included in the meta-analysis. Number of lymph node harvested was similar(WMD=-0.38, 95%CI:-1.35-0.58, P=0.43). LS had a slightly higher circumference resection margin(CRM) positive rate with no statistical significance[7.94% vs. 5.37%; risk ratio(RR)=1.13; 95%CI:0.69-1.85, P=0.63]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in local recurrence (RR=0.55; 95%CI:0.22-1.40, P=0.21). The 3-year overall survival [Hazard ratio(HR)=0.76; 95%CI:0.54-1.07, P=0.11] and 3-year disease-free survival(HR=1.16; 95%CI:0.61-2.20, P=0.64) were not significantly different between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery of rectal carcinoma offers similar oncological clearance and long-term oncological outcomes.</p>

Summery and recommendations for acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis / 中国针灸

Articles on acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis were picked up from CNKI database. The retrieved original studies were evaluated and summarized. The problems of acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis were analyzed, and concrete solutions were proposed. Problems that differential diagnosis, prognosis, treatment of severe facial paralysis, and identification of sequelae and compliation were not embasized in clinical treatment of facial paralysis. Consequently, the effectiveness of acupuncture for peripheral facial paralysis will be improved by sloving above problems.